Evidence


Retrodiction—reasoning backward from observed outcomes after the hypothesis—is just as powerful in validating a proposed solution. The primary goal here is to assess whether new research findings can be explained in terms of the IPL mechanism in an interconnected manner. 


A. In physiological conditions & artificial systems


Vicarious body maps bridge vision and touch in the human brain. Hedger N, Naselaris T, Kay K, Knapen T (2026 February) Nature. 650(8100):173-181. Article 

Evidence by re-interpretation


Building compositional tasks with shared neural subspaces. Tafazoli S, Bouchacourt FM, Ardalan A, Markov NT, Uchimura M, Mattar MG, Daw ND, Buschman TJ (2026 February) Nature. 650(8100):164-172. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Large-scale cortical functional networks are organized in structured cycles. van Es MWJ, Higgins C, Gohil C, Quinn AJ, Vidaurre D, Woolrich MW (2025 Aug) Nat Neurosci. 27. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Left-right-alternating theta sweeps in entorhinal-hippocampal maps of space. Vollan AZ, Gardner RJ, Moser MB, Moser EI (2025 Mar) Nature. 639(8056):995-1005. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Hippocampal encoding of memories in human infants. Yates TS, Fel J, Choi D, Trach JE, Behm L, Ellis CT, Turk-Browne NB (2025 Mar 21) Science. 387(6740):1316-1320. Article. 

Evidence by re-interpretation


Human olfactory perception embeds fine temporal resolution within a single sniff. Wu Y, Chen K, Xing C, Huang M, Zhao K, Zhou W (2024) Nat Hum Behav. 8(11):2168-2178. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Chromatin plasticity predetermines neuronal eligibility for memory trace formation. Santoni G, Astori S, Leleu M, Glauser L, Zamora SA, Schioppa M, Tarulli I, Sandi C, Gräff J (2024) Science. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Higher-order interactions between hippocampal CA1 neurons are disrupted in amnestic mice. Yan C, Mercaldo V, Jacob AD, Kramer E, Mocle A, Ramsaran AI, Tran L, Rashid AJ, Park S, Insel N, Redish AD, Frankland PW, Josselyn SA (2024) Nat Neurosci. Article.

Evidence by re-interpretation


Barcoding of episodic memories in the hippocampus of a food-campus of a food-caching bird. Chettih SN, Mackevicius EL, Hale S, Aronov D (2024) Cell. 187(8):1922–1935.e20. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


A ubiquitous spectrolaminar motif of local field potential power across the primate cortex. Mendoza-Halliday D, Major AJ, Lee N, Lichtenfeld MJ, Carlson B, Mitchell B, Meng PD, Xiong YS, Westerberg JA, Jia X, Johnston KD, Selvanayagam J, Everling S, Maier A, Desimone R, Miller EK, Bastos AM (2024) Nat. Neurosci. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Hotspots of dendritic spine turnover facilitate clustered spine addition and learning and memory. Frank AC, Huang S, Zhou M, Gdalyahu A, Kastellakis G, Silva TK, Lu E, Wen X, Poirazi P, Trachtenberg JT, Silva AJ (2018) Nat Commun. 9(1):422. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Synapse-specific representation of the identity of overlapping memory engrams. Abdou K, Shehata M, Choko K, Nishizono H, Matsuo M, Muramatsu SI, Inokuchi K (2018) Science. 360(6394):1227-1231. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Evidence for long-term potentiation in phospholipid membranes. Scott HL, Bolmatov D, Podar PT, Liu Z, Kinnun JJ, Doughty B, Lydic R, Sacci RL, Collier CP, Katsaras J. (2022) PNAS. 119(50):e2212195119. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Entorhinal cortex directs learning-related changes in CA1 representations Grienberger and Magee (2022) Nature. 611(7936):554-562. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Invariant stimulus decoding using correlated neuronal fluctuations. Ebrahimi et al., (2022) Nature. 605(7911):713-721. PubMed.

Evidence by re-interpretation


Mosquito brains encode unique features of human odour to drive host seeking. Zhao et al., (2022) Nature. May 605(7911):706-712. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Synaptic correlates of associative fear memory in the lateral amygdala. Choi et al., (2021) Neuron. 109(17):2717-2726. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Selective filtering of excitatory inputs to nucleus accumbens by dopamine and serotonin. Christoffel et al., (2021) PNAS.118(24):e2106648118. PubMed.

Evidence by re-interpretation


Drift in the set of neurons in the primary olfactory cortex that fire in response to an odour. Schoonover et al., (2021) Nature. 594(7864):541-546. Article

Evidence by re-interpretation


Heterogeneity of neurons in the cortex Studies of cortical neurons show significant heterogeneity in transcriptomic analyses (Tasic et al., 2016; Cembrowski et al., 2016; Tasic et al., 2018; Hodge et al., 2019). 

Evidence by re-interpretation

 

  Spine depolarization without dendritic depolarization. Beaulieu-Laroche L and Harnett MT. 2018. Dendritic spines prevent synaptic voltage clamp. Neuron 97(1): 75–82.e3. PubMed

  Evidence by re-interpretation


Largest class of neurons in the visual cortex is not reliably responsive to any of the visual stimuli. de Vries et al., (2020) A large-scale standardized physiological survey reveals functional organization of the mouse visual cortex. Nat Neurosci. 2020 Jan;23(1):138-151. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Artificial firing of a neuron leads to firing of a set of neurons of the same neuronal order. Chettih SN, Harvey CD (2019) Single-neuron perturbations reveal feature-specific competition in V1. Nature. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Memory retrieval occurs at a frequency of oscillating extracellular potentials similar to that was present during learning. Vaz AP, Inati SK, Brunel N, Zaghloul KA (2019) Coupled ripple oscillations between the medial temporal lobe and neocortex retrieve human memory. Science. 363:975-978. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Dendritic calcium spikes that are related to behavior and cognitive function

Evidence by re-interpretation


Regenerative spikes at the dendritic arbor - a mechanism for internal sense of a place that reflects binding at the time of learning

Evidence by re-interpretation


B. In pathological conditions


Spread of epileptic activity. Jefferys JG (2014) How does epileptic activity spread? Epilepsy Currents. 14(5):289-290. PubMed

Evidence by re-interpretation


Heterogeneity of clinical and pathological findings in Alzheimer's disease

Evidence by re-interpretation